The original Midi protocol is already some 40 years old and of course extensions of the Midi protocol were developed through the years. Here are a few:
New-MIDI-protocolDetails-about-MIDI-2.0™-MIDI-CI-Profiles-and-Property-Exchange-
NRPN gives higher resolution in Control Change parameters:
Music-How-to-Use-NRPNNRPN-tutorial